THE Complementary Bill (PLP) 177 of 2023 which provides for the increase in the number of federal deputies in Brazil entered the House of Representatives' voting agenda this week with an urgent request that can accelerate the processing of the text.
THE PLP is a response to the Federal Supreme Court (STF) requirement for Congress to vote by law until June 30 this year, to redistribute the representation of federal deputies regarding the proportion of the Brazilian population in each unit of the Federation (UF).
The Supreme Court accepted an action of the Government of Pará that pointed to the omission of the federal legislature to update the number of deputies according to the population change. Pará argued that it would be entitled to four more deputies since 2010. Current distribution of the 513 federal deputies was defined in 1993.
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THE Article 45 of the Constitution states that the number of deputies “will be established by complementary law, proportionally to the population, proceeding to the necessary adjustments, in the year prior to the elections, so that none of those federation units have less than eight or more of seventy deputies.”
In its decision, the Supreme Court determines that, if the congress does not update parliamentary representation by state, the Superior Electoral Court (TSE) may set, until October 1, 2025, the number deputies for the legislature that will begin in 2027. The TSE should use the 2022 census data.
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More deputies
In the Bill by Deputy Dani Cunha (União-RJ), it is prohibited the reduction of the number of deputies to less than 513, and vetoes that any state loses representation. With this, the correction of the number of representatives per unit of the Federation would have to occur via the increase of parliamentarians.
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“If necessary, we should increase the number of deputies in our House, which even if it occurs in a number of about 3%, it will mean nothing, taking into account an increase in population and voters, on average in the country, greater than 240% (between 1994 and 2022),” says the report by Deputy Cunha.
Census 2022
Although the STF indicates that the UF representation should be made based on the last 2022 census, the Supplementary Bill submitted until then determines a new census with compulsory participation of families to define the total number of the population.
“(The 2022 Census) brought several inconsistencies that have harmed some states and many municipalities. It does not seem believable, those who live in Rio de Janeiro, the reduction of the population in certain areas of the state, where we know the difficulties of access to the real population, due to the domain of the most needy areas,” said the project.
THE Rapporteur designated for the bill was Deputy Damião Feliciano (Union-PB), who may present changes in relation to the project authored by Deputy Dani Cunha.